Thursday, March 8, 2012, 3pm
Innovation 223
Stephanie E. Palmer
Department
of Physics
Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics
Princeton University
Predicting
the Future:
What the Eye Computes About the Visual
Scene
Prediction is important for
almost all modes of human and animal behavior. Our research
focuses on how a population of neurons implements predictive
computations. We have examined how groups of retinal ganglion
cells, the output neurons of the retina, encode predictive information
in their collective firing patterns. Put simply, we are asking how well
the firing of the retina "now" specifies the firing of the retina in
the future. We find substantial predictive information in
groups of retinal ganglion cells. When we combine small
groups of neurons, the predictive information not only grows but
displays significant synergy, meaning that the population response
pattern carries more information than the sum of its parts.
We investigate strategies by which the brain might read out
this predictive information downstream. To test what role the
retina plays in shaping this predictive computation, we calculate the
information the retinal population carries about the future of the
stimulus. Preliminary evidence suggests that the way in which
the retina compresses information about past stimuli is optimized for
preserving information about the future of the visual input.